Built for Beagles, Broken for Bears: How America's Veterinary Regulatory Framework Is Failing Exotic and Wildlife Practitioners
Federal and state veterinary regulations were designed with companion animals and livestock at their center, leaving zoological veterinarians, wildlife rehabilitators, and exotic animal specialists to navigate a labyrinth of exemptions, off-label drug constraints, and licensure ambiguities that their colleagues in traditional practice rarely encounter. The consequences for exotic patients — many of them endangered, irreplaceable, or critical to ecosystem health — can be severe and irreversible.